作为构建作者，您定义任务并指定它们之间的依赖关系。 Gradle 保证任务将按照这些依赖关系指定的顺序执行。
您的构建脚本和插件配置此任务依赖关系图。
例如，如果您的项目包含诸如 build、assemble 和 createDocs 之类的任务，您可以配置构建脚本，以便它们按以下顺序执行：build → assemble → createDocs。
构建阶段
Gradle 构建有三个不同的阶段。
Gradle 按顺序运行这些阶段
- 阶段 1. 初始化
- 阶段 2. 配置
-
-
评估每个参与构建的项目的构建脚本
build.gradle(.kts)。 -
为请求的任务创建任务图。
-
- 阶段 3. 执行
-
-
调度和执行选定的任务。
-
任务之间的依赖关系决定执行顺序。
-
任务的执行可以并行发生。
-
示例
以下示例显示了 settings 和 build 文件的哪些部分对应于各种构建阶段
settings.gradle.kts
rootProject.name = "basic"
println("This is executed during the initialization phase.")build.gradle.kts
println("This is executed during the configuration phase.")
tasks.register("configured") {
println("This is also executed during the configuration phase, because :configured is used in the build.")
}
tasks.register("test") {
doLast {
println("This is executed during the execution phase.")
}
}
tasks.register("testBoth") {
doFirst {
println("This is executed first during the execution phase.")
}
doLast {
println("This is executed last during the execution phase.")
}
println("This is executed during the configuration phase as well, because :testBoth is used in the build.")
}settings.gradle
rootProject.name = 'basic'
println 'This is executed during the initialization phase.'build.gradle
println 'This is executed during the configuration phase.'
tasks.register('configured') {
println 'This is also executed during the configuration phase, because :configured is used in the build.'
}
tasks.register('test') {
doLast {
println 'This is executed during the execution phase.'
}
}
tasks.register('testBoth') {
doFirst {
println 'This is executed first during the execution phase.'
}
doLast {
println 'This is executed last during the execution phase.'
}
println 'This is executed during the configuration phase as well, because :testBoth is used in the build.'
}以下命令执行上面指定的 test 和 testBoth 任务。由于 Gradle 仅配置请求的任务及其依赖项，因此 configured 任务永远不会配置
> gradle test testBoth
This is executed during the initialization phase.
> Configure project :
This is executed during the configuration phase.
This is executed during the configuration phase as well, because :testBoth is used in the build.
> Task :test
This is executed during the execution phase.
> Task :testBoth
This is executed first during the execution phase.
This is executed last during the execution phase.
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
2 actionable tasks: 2 executed> gradle test testBoth
This is executed during the initialization phase.
> Configure project :
This is executed during the configuration phase.
This is executed during the configuration phase as well, because :testBoth is used in the build.
> Task :test
This is executed during the execution phase.
> Task :testBoth
This is executed first during the execution phase.
This is executed last during the execution phase.
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
2 actionable tasks: 2 executed阶段 1. 初始化
在初始化阶段，Gradle 检测参与构建的项目集（根项目和子项目）和包含的构建。
Gradle 首先评估 settings 文件 settings.gradle(.kts)，并实例化一个 Settings 对象。然后，Gradle 为每个项目实例化 Project 实例。
阶段 2. 配置
在配置阶段，Gradle 将任务和其他属性添加到初始化阶段找到的项目中。